home » For garden » What vitamins do pregnant women need and how to take them. Vitamins for pregnant women: are they necessary? What vitamins are taken during pregnancy

What vitamins do pregnant women need and how to take them. Vitamins for pregnant women: are they necessary? What vitamins are taken during pregnancy

It is widely believed that it is imperative to take vitamins for pregnant women in the 1st trimester, because a growing child needs a lot of useful substances for full formation and development. This information has long been perceived as an unconditional truth. However, are vitamins so harmless?

A pregnant woman needs an increased intake of nutrients into the body, since the baby takes most of the trace elements and minerals. To make up for the deficiency, you need to take vitamins. It is desirable to ensure their intake from food products. But it is not always possible to establish good nutrition. In this article, we will tell you which vitamins are necessary and how to choose the “right” vitamin complexes.

If we take into account the recommendations of the World Health Organization, the question of whether vitamins are needed for the first trimester of pregnancy can have two radically different answers. The question of the need to take multivitamin complexes is decided individually in each case, based on data on the state of health, the results of laboratory tests, as well as on the usefulness of the diet of a pregnant woman.

With insufficient intake of nutrients from the food of the expectant mother, you should enrich your daily diet with fresh vegetables and fruits, meat and dairy products, or start using vitamin preparations.

There are such minerals and vitamins for pregnant women that absolutely everyone needs in the 1st trimester:

The rest of the vitamins should be taken only as directed by a doctor.

What is the body's need for additional vitamins during this period?

During the bearing of a child, serious changes occur in the body of a woman. The formation and growth of the fetus requires significant costs from the mother's body. To replenish resources, it is necessary to ensure the intake of nutrients from food. In the absence of good nutrition, it is recommended to take vitamins and mineral complexes for pregnant women in the first trimester, which will maintain the condition of the woman and take part in laying the baby's organs.

In order to understand what is the need for vitamins during the period of bearing a child, you need to remember some facts:

Regardless of whether there is an intake of nutrients into the female body from the outside, the fetus will still take the amount of vitamins that it needs, using maternal reserves.
The child receives trace elements not from food, but from the organs and tissues of the mother.
With a lack of vitamins, it is the woman who begins to have health problems - teeth are destroyed due to a lack of calcium, fragility of blood vessels occurs with hypovitaminosis C, skin elasticity decreases if there is not enough vitamin E.

Therefore, the use of vitamins is necessary first of all for a pregnant woman, and it is desirable that they come from food.

What can't be done without

Any expectant mother who cares not only about her health, but also about the normal development of the baby, is interested in what vitamins they drink in the first trimester of pregnancy and whether they should be taken at such an early stage. Consider the best vitamins for pregnant women, which doctors advise to use after the onset of conception.

Iodine

Since iodine is heavily excreted from the body during pregnancy, it should be supplied from outside. Its deficiency causes pathologies of intrauterine development of the baby. Iodine is required for the formation of the thyroid gland, and also serves as a means of preventing cretinism that occurs when there is a deficiency of thyroid hormones.

Vitamin E

Thanks to the action of vitamin E, the metabolism in the body of a pregnant woman is normalized. This substance allows you to save pregnancy and reduces the likelihood, in addition, it takes part in the formation.

Doctors recommend drinking vitamin E, along with folic acid, as it is involved in the normal development of the child. At the planning stage, tocopherol allows you to regulate menstruation, and also improves the functioning of the entire reproductive system.

Vitamin A

Taking vitamin A in the first trimester of pregnancy should be strictly prescribed by a doctor, since exceeding the permissible dosage can do more harm than good. In a normal and controlled amount, vitamin A takes part in the formation of the visual analyzer, and also provides skin elasticity.

It is best to get this substance from food than from drugs, however, when using it, it is important to remember that the presence of fats is required for its absorption, since the vitamin belongs to the fat-soluble group.

Folic acid

Perhaps this is the most important vitamin that you should definitely take in the first trimester of pregnancy. B9 plays an important role in the formation of the neural tube of the fetus, participates in hematopoiesis and allows the full laying of the internal organs of the unborn baby to occur.

Obstetrician-gynecologists advise drinking folic acid not only from the first days after conception, but also at the family stage. Moreover, vitamin B9 will be useful not only for the female body, but also for.

A lack of folic acid can lead to the following consequences:

difficulties with maintaining pregnancy;
congenital disorders;
mental retardation;
developmental pathology of the brain and spinal cord.

Vitamin C

The lack of this vitamin in the early period of bearing a child leads to a decrease in the immunity of the mother, which poses a threat to the development of the fetus. It also increases the elasticity of the vascular wall and protects it from fragility.

Vitamin D

Other vitamins

In some situations, in the first trimester of pregnancy, it is recommended to drink a course of B vitamins, as well as minerals such as iron, magnesium, manganese, potassium, sodium and chromium. However, such a decision should be made only by a doctor if it is necessary to strengthen the mother's body and create favorable conditions for the formation of the organ systems of the unborn baby.

Overview of the most popular vitamins

There is a list of the best vitamins for pregnant women. The choice is based on the correctness of the composition specifically for expectant mothers, as well as on the positive feedback from patients.

Popular multivitamins for pregnant women:

Elevit Pronatal. The complex contains 12 vitamins and 7 minerals. It contains folic acid and iron in the required concentration, so you do not need to take them additionally. However, iodine is absent in the composition. Multivitamins are recommended for pregnant and lactating mothers. More about the drug
Alphabet for pregnant women. The drug is presented in the form of colored tablets, the color of which depends on the content of a particular element. The complex contains vitamins, as well as iodine, iron and calcium compounds.
Materna. Contains 10 vitamins. In addition to them, the drug contains folic acid and iodine in a concentration that covers the daily requirement of the body of a pregnant woman in these trace elements.
Pregnacare. The complex includes 11 vitamins and 5 trace elements, including folic acid and iron. However, the iron content is not enough, so it should be taken separately, like iodine, which is not included in the composition.

It is difficult to decide on the best vitamins for pregnant women in the 1st trimester, because the choice depends not only on the composition, the price also plays an important role. Listen to your doctor's advice and choose the remedies that he recommends to you.

What foods contain vitamins necessary for the first trimester of pregnancy

With good nutrition, you can replenish the daily intake of vitamins without the use of additional drugs.

What vitamins do foods contain:

vitamin A - butter, liver, egg yolk, carrots, spinach, green onions;
vitamin C - rose hips, cranberries, currants, citrus fruits, sea buckthorn;
vitamin D - chicken eggs, cottage cheese, cheese, seafood, butter;
vitamin E - nuts, cereals, legumes, sunflower seeds, broccoli, spinach;
vitamin B 1 - liver, wheat bran, oatmeal;
vitamin B 2 - white cabbage, peas, almonds, tomatoes, beans, veal, liver, egg yolk;
vitamin B 6 - bananas, pork, carrots, wheat bran, beans, cabbage;
vitamin B 12 - dairy products, liver, chicken eggs, greens.

Dosage and instructions

A woman should receive the following amount of vitamins in the first trimester of pregnancy:

vitamin A - 800 mcg;
vitamin C - 70 mg;
vitamin E - 10 mg;
vitamin D - 10 mg;
vitamin K - 65 mcg;
vitamin B 1 - 1.5 mg;
riboflavin (B 2) - 1.6 mg;
pyridoxine (B 6) - 2.2 mg;
cyanocobalamin (B 12) - 2.2 mcg;
folic acid - 400 mcg.

Vitamins needed in the first trimester of pregnancy should be taken according to the instructions in compliance with the recommended dose once or twice a day throughout the course.

Is there a danger in taking vitamins in the first trimester of pregnancy?

Very well , if useful substances enter the body of the expectant mother from food, since the use of multivitamin complexes at an early stage of pregnancy is not always justified, and in some cases may pose some danger. If there is a need to drink vitamins, then carefully read the composition before buying and give preference to products of well-known pharmaceutical companies, so you will reduce the likelihood of impurities of various substances in preparations.

Properly composed diet for the period of pregnancy is the key to the health of the expectant mother and her baby. But even the highest quality and diverse food products are not able to provide the body with all the necessary substances necessary for the successful gestation and full development of the fetus. Vitamins for pregnant women, produced in the form of pharmacological preparations, will help to cover the increased need for mineral components and organic compounds.

According to research conducted by the World Health Organization, women who are well-nourished need only folic acid and iron supplements. Pregnant women, whose diet is far from recommended by doctors, must, in addition to the above substances, also take multivitamin complexes that will make up for the deficiency of components that are indispensable for the development of the child.

In general, the appointment of certain drugs is carried out in accordance with the individual characteristics of each woman, taking into account the anamnesis, age, climatic conditions and working conditions. Be sure to prescribe multivitamins for multiple pregnancies, vegetarian women, chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and the presence of bad habits.

If a second pregnancy occurs less than two years after the previous one, it is necessary to drink vitamins.

There are also opponents of taking synthetic drugs, who consider it inappropriate to include them in the diet. In their opinion, all useful substances can be obtained from food, as it was in the days of our ancestors. However, the statement does not stand up to scrutiny, since the quality of food today leaves much to be desired. Therefore, you should not risk your own health and the condition of the baby, guided by these statements.

Vital prenatal vitamins

Currently, scientists know 13 vitamins, each of which has a certain effect on the human body. All of them are involved in the physiological and biochemical processes occurring in organs and tissues, act on metabolism and prevent various changes and disorders in cells. At the stage of pregnancy, the most important are 4 vitamins and 3 chemical elements.

Vitamin B9. Participates in the formation of the neural tube and the brain of the unborn baby. Folic acid contributes to the proper development of the placenta, serves as a prevention of miscarriages, missed pregnancy and fetal defects.
Vitamin A. Participates in the development of bone tissue, mucous membranes and retina, promotes the production of red blood cells and ensures optimal blood counts.
Vitamin C. Increases immunity and resistance to pathogenic bacteria, facilitates the absorption of iron.
Vitamin E. It plays an important role in the development of the placenta, regulates blood circulation and blood clotting, prepares the lungs of the baby, reduces the risk of anemia and the threat of self-abortion.
Calcium. It is part of the bone, connective tissues, dentin, contributes to the proper development of internal organs, skin, eyes.
Iodine. It helps the fetus to receive hormones from the mother's body, ensures the formation of a healthy brain, genital organs, heart muscle, and the musculoskeletal system.
Iron. It serves as an anemia prevention, participates in the delivery of oxygen to the growing fetus.

The best vitamins for pregnant women should contain at least all of the listed substances and additional components that can be prescribed by a doctor according to indications.

The norm of vitamins during gestation

The rate of consumption of certain organic and inorganic compounds differ in individuals of different categories. For women bearing a child, the following vitamin standards are established:

B9 - 0.8-1 mg;
B1 - 1.5-2.0 mg;
B5 - 4-7 mg;
A - up to 2500 IU;
D - 400-600 IU;
E - 10-15 IU;
B2 - 1.5-2.0 mg;
B6 - 2.5 mg;
B12 - 3.0-4.0 mcg;
B3 - 15-20 mg;
C - 70-100 mg;
K - 65-80 mcg;
H - 30-100 mcg.

Of the trace elements, calcium (1000-1200 mg), phosphorus (1200 mg), magnesium (320-355 mg) and iron (30-60 mg) should be supplied to the mother's body most of all.

Vitamins by trimester

Every three months of pregnancy is a certain stage in the development of the organism of the developing fetus. As the child grows and develops in the mother's womb, the needs for certain substances coming from outside also change. Hypo-, hypervitaminosis, lack or excess of minerals can lead to serious consequences for the fetus and are fraught with a negative impact on a woman's health.

1st trimester

The first 12 weeks of gestation is the period of laying the fetal nervous system, which ensures the formation of mental functions after birth. For the favorable completion of this process, folic acid is responsible, which must be supplied in sufficient quantities.

Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) will help prevent toxicosis, convulsive symptoms and increased nervousness. He is also involved in the formation of the nervous system of the fetus, but the drug is prescribed from the eighth week of pregnancy. In order for pyridoxine to be well absorbed, it is taken along with the macronutrient magnesium.

Vitamin A is included in the diet at the end of the 1st trimester and continues to be consumed at the beginning of the second. Retinol will help maintain the correct proportions of the embryo, since at this time it begins to grow rapidly and increase in size.

2nd trimester

In this period, a woman is in dire need of calciferol - vitamin D for pregnant women ensures the active and rapid growth of the baby. The lack of this vitamin leads to the formation of intrauterine rickets - the bones do not acquire the necessary hardness, and the musculoskeletal system is formed incorrectly.

Tocopherol (vitamin E) must be included in the complex of vitamins of the second trimester. It has a beneficial effect not only on the growth and development of the child, but also ensures good uterine compliance, normal functioning of the placenta and reduces the risk of preterm birth.

Starting from the 12th week, the need for minerals increases, in particular, calcium and iron, since they are actively spent on building the skeleton and forming the baby's blood cells.

last trimester

There is no need for folic acid at this time, so it can be canceled. Until the end of pregnancy, you will have to take vitamins B6 and E, as well as iron and calcium supplements. They will support the fetus at the stage of the final formation of internal organs and will serve as a prevention of developmental delay.

Popular vitamin and mineral complexes

Women who are planning the birth of a baby and are responsible for their own health should listen to medical recommendations regarding the use of a complex of vitamins for pregnant women.

Modern pharmacological companies offer a large selection of drugs to maintain the health of the mother and the full development of the body of the future newborn. It is difficult to say which one is better or worse - each remedy has a useful composition aimed at solving a particular problem.

Elevit

Multivitamin complex, which is available in the form of grayish-yellow tablets. The product contains 12 vitamins (A, E, D3, C, group B, PP) and 7 minerals (manganese, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, calcium, zinc, copper).

The dose of each substance is carefully selected in accordance with the needs of the mother's body and the growing fetus. Elevit is prescribed for the prevention of hypovitaminosis in women with malnutrition, as well as for individual indications. The recommended daily dose of the drug is 1 tablet.

Elevit pronatal tab. p.o. No. 100

Vitrum

The drug, developed by American pharmacists, is offered to customers in two forms: Prenatal and Forte. Both complexes are intended for pregnant women, but have a different composition and percentage of components. Vitrum Forte has a richer content of substances - this includes iodine, beta-carotene, calcium pantothenate, biotin, copper oxide, manganese, molybdenum, selenium and chromium.

Both versions are enriched with vitamins: A, E, C, B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, B12, D3, as well as macro- and microelements - iron, calcium, zinc.

Vitrum Prenatal is taken as a prophylactic during gestation, and Forte is intended to solve specific problems of the physiological state of a pregnant woman.

Vitrum prenatal tab. p.p.o. #100

Femibion

A complex that contains the optimal amount of folate (folic acid) and nutrients (minerals). An additional element of the product is the patented substance metafolin, a biologically active form of vitamin B9, which is absorbed much better than folic acid in its usual form. Therefore, the drug is intended for patients than the body is not able to fully convert and absorb B9.

In addition to the 9-component vitamin mix, Femibion contains iodine, which is indispensable for the health and full functioning of the thyroid gland.

The form of the drug marked "1" is prescribed when planning conception and in the first 12 weeks of gestation, and with the marking "2" - starting from the second trimester of pregnancy.

Femibion natalker i tab. p.o. No. 30

Alphabet

The full name of the remedy is “Mom's Health Alphabet”. The peculiarity of the drug is that in one blister there are tablets of three colors - pink, blue and milky. Each of them is intended for use strictly at certain hours - respectively, in the morning, afternoon and evening.

The developers of the tool claim that this approach allows a pregnant woman or a nursing mother to receive 30% more nutrients compared to other popular complexes.

Each of the tablets in the composition has a certain list of nutrients and vitamins that are best absorbed at a specific time of day.

Alphabet classic tab. #60

Pregnacare

Multivitamin for pregnant women, produced in the form of gelatin capsules of dark brown color. The composition of the drug includes a standard set of vitamins and minerals with only one difference - there is no calcium in Pregnacare, so if this macronutrient is deficient, the drug will not work.

Otherwise, the complex has a beneficial effect on the body - it regulates metabolic processes, increases the defenses, immunity, vitality and physical activity of a pregnant woman, and prevents malformations of fetal development.

One capsule per day will be enough to make up for the deficiency of vital components.

Pregnacare caps. #30

materna

Materna is a prenatal vitamin, the positive effect of which is due to a carefully selected combination and concentration in combination with important nutrients.

Coated tablets contain vitamins B9, B5, B12, B2, B1, B6, C, E, D. Of the nutrients here are iron, manganese, zinc, iodine, chromium, selenium. Especially valuable is the content of calcium in the composition, the lack of which is extremely acutely felt in the last months of bearing a child.

The dose and regimen of taking the drug is developed by the attending physician in accordance with the individual needs of the pregnant woman.

Prenatal vitamins

The composition of these pills fully corresponds to the physiological needs of the female body in the process of bearing the fetus and provides it with 75% of useful substances.

Complivit Mama will be useful for nursing mothers and those who are just planning to conceive.

The components of Complivit are able to be absorbed into breast milk, which provides the baby with useful vitamins and minerals.

Complivit Mama for pregnant and lactating women tab. p / o captivity. #60

Multi-tabs Perinatal

The pharmacological agent is a source of folic acid and iodine, which contributes to the harmonious formation of the fetus and the optimization of the level of female hormones. The drug serves as a prevention of stillbirth, malformations of intrauterine development, malnutrition and vascular disorders of the embryo. The rich vitamin and mineral composition provides the mother's body with everything necessary for good health, good mood and easy pregnancy.

Tablets are taken orally without chewing once a day. It is necessary to drink the product with plenty of purified water for better absorption.

Multi-tabs perinatal tab. p / o captivity. #60

Other complexes

The list of multivitamin complexes for expectant mothers can be continued. Their composition is largely similar, but every woman gets the opportunity to choose the best drug for herself, which will not cause allergic reactions and will be feasible for the family budget.

What else do pharmacies offer:

emfetal;
Amway;
Pregnavit;
Magnelis;
Orthomol;
Fertilovit;
Pregnazon.

The advantage of vitamins in tablets is the ability to accurately control and regulate the dosage of nutrients, which is difficult to do when using familiar foods.

The importance of choosing drugs with a doctor

Any multivitamin complexes are not harmless drugs that a future woman in labor can prescribe herself. Excess substances, as well as their lack, can lead to serious consequences for the fetus and mother.

For example, the abuse of tocopherol leads to a violation of the functionality of platelets, a supersaturation of calciferol causes calcification of the placenta and the skeleton of the fetus, an overdose of ascorbic acid is fraught with kidney disease.

Therefore, doctors strongly advise not to self-prescribe drugs and strictly follow the dosage prescribed by the gynecologist. Pharmaceuticals often cause allergic reactions, so you have to review their intake and select products that will be well tolerated by the female body.

Individual characteristics, anamnesis, living conditions, blood counts - all this should be assessed by the doctor before prescribing this or that vitamin complex.

Simultaneous intake of several drugs containing a complex of vitamins and nutrients is not recommended during pregnancy.

Conclusion

Pregnancy is a wonderful and at the same time difficult period in a woman's life. Properly organized nutrition will saturate the body with the necessary substances for the successful bearing and feeding of the child.

But vitamin preparations cannot be ignored either - they will allow you to clearly control the intake of the most important components in the diet and serve as a prevention of serious pathologies of the embryo.

A long process of tedious waiting for conception passed, and finally, the expectant mother received confirmation - life was born inside her and the unborn child is growing. Ahead of 9 months of new discoveries, an amazing change in your own body, and finally, the long-awaited birth. It is during this period that the fair sex and her unborn baby need all-round support. Proper lifestyle, prevention of problems, good nutrition and, of course, an additional intake of vitamins, which are already lacking in everyday life, and now some of them go to support and develop the fetus. Below, you will find out which vitamins, and in what period it is best to take a future mother, as well as get comprehensive answers from doctors to the most common questions about vitamin complexes.

Almost every pregnant woman asks herself and those around her this question. The answer is obvious - of course, yes. The process of bearing an unborn child is associated with global changes in the work of the whole organism: the metabolism is radically rebuilt, the composition of the blood changes, the functioning of the hormonal system, and so on.

It is during pregnancy that the consumption of a number of substances by the body and the unborn child increases significantly: you need to constantly replenish the internal reserves of useful vitamins and trace elements.

Unfortunately, not always natural products or a special diet can fully compensate for the lack of one or another element, so you have to introduce them artificially, using individual drugs or whole complexes created specifically for pregnant women. The growth of the embryo, the assimilation of proteins, the work of the hormonal system - a lot depends on vitamins, including the health of the life growing in you.

Vitamins during pregnancy. What are the best drinks?

Among the whole variety of vitamins / trace elements, there are a number of substances that play an important, and sometimes a key role in the formation and development of the fetus.

Folic acid. This water-soluble vitamin promotes the growth of fetal tissues, helps the cells of the host organism, recover and renew itself. In addition, it directly affects the growth of the placenta and the system of blood vessels in the uterus. A lack of B9 significantly increases the likelihood of miscarriage, and also worsens the mother's well-being.
Tocopherol. The natural compound is involved in a number of important processes for the body, in particular the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. In addition, E-vitamin is a powerful antioxidant. The lack of tocopherol in the body can provoke anemia, visual impairment, and heart problems in the unborn child. The mother has general weakness, muscle pain and involuntary abortion.
Pyridoxine. Vitamins B6 are a catalyst for the formation of amino acids, from which proteins are subsequently created. In addition, the biologically active substance forms the development and functioning of the nervous system, providing normal oxygen supply to the brain, while reducing the effect of toxicosis.
Vitamin B12. A key element of the processes of ovulation in women not only helps to get pregnant, but also supports the development of a fertilized egg to the stage of an embryo.
Vitamin A. It is involved in the development of the nervous system, vision and skeleton in the unborn baby.
Vitamin C. Supports the mother's immunity and forms its basic rudiments in the child.
Vitamin D. Promotes bone growth.
Vitamins of groups PP, K, H are not as critical as the previous ones, but are necessary for the full functioning of the female body during periods of increased stress during pregnancy, as well as general health-improving substances.
Calcium. Building "basis" for children's bones, which during pregnancy is required more and more.
Iron. It helps to supply oxygen to all organs of the expectant mother and her unborn child.
Iodine. Participates in the synthesis of hormones, helps prevent damage to the central nervous system and the skeleton of the unborn baby, and also protects the thyroid gland of the fair sex.
Zinc. Directly and indirectly involved in a number of related biochemical processes. Its deficiency leads to complications of childbirth, postpartum hemorrhage, the development of congenital defects in the fetus, too little or too much weight / height at birth.

Vitamins for men

The representative of the stronger sex was able to provide you with high-quality genetic material, works hard and does everything possible to make the pregnant woman as comfortable as possible. Do not forget about a man - he also needs vitamins in order to be in perfect condition and always delight you with care, guardianship and love.

Vitamin C. A powerful antioxidant that decomposes free radicals and significantly reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Lipic acid. Significantly improves liver function in men, normalizes the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats.
All vitamins of group B. The representative of the stronger sex must be smart, fast and strong - it is vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12 that will help him become perfect.
Vitamin H. Men do not always pay attention to the current condition of the hair, nails, skin. It is biotin that can bring them back to normal.
Vitamin E. Tocopherol is the key to the success of the stronger sex on the love front.

A universal protector of cell membranes, which is both an actihypoxant and an antioxidant, reduces the likelihood of cancer formation, protects cells from oxidation, controls the synthesis of nucleic acids, and acts as an excellent neuroprotector. Taking vitamin E, a pregnant woman normalizes the production of progesterone, improves uterine distension, prevents fetal underdevelopment and possible miscarriage.

With all this, the most recent studies show that an excess of tocopherol and its uncontrolled intake can negatively affect the child in the future - individual medical specialists analyzing samples according to these criteria indicate an increased risk of heart defects in the early period.

That is why the intake of the vitamin should be strictly regulated - from 200 to 350 IU, unless your doctor has prescribed a different dosage. In this case, the daily use itself must be divided into two times, in the morning and in the evening after eating.

Folic acid is a key element involved in the formation and maintenance of new cells in the body. This is especially important at the prenatal stage of development of the unborn child, because the violation of natural processes due to a lack of B9 leads to very serious complications in later life. The bone marrow primarily suffers from a lack of vitamin, therefore, without fail, pregnant women are required to take 400 milligrams of the substance daily from the beginning of pregnancy planning to childbirth. Folic acid intake can be divided into two times - 200 mg after breakfast and dinner.

materna

A classic vitamin complex for pregnant women, containing all the main groups of low molecular weight organic compounds. The composition of multivitamins was developed more than twenty years ago, taking into account the then recommendations of experts. Of the main advantages of the drug, one can note the presence of a sufficient number of trace elements, including iodine and zinc, as well as a low price. Of the minuses - insufficient content in the composition of folic acid (200 mg), which requires the introduction of an additional dose of vitamin B9 into the diet. Also, certain groups of patients complain of frequent allergic reactions after taking Materna, most likely caused by a high content of B12 and vitamin A.

Alphabet - Mom's health

Russian multivitamin complex designed for pregnant women from conception to childbirth. The drug is divided into three types of tablets, which contain low molecular weight organic compounds and trace elements that do not conflict with each other and do not weaken the mutual action of the components.

Of the positive aspects of the combined preparation, we will cancel the moderate price and the presence of iodine in the composition. At the same time, as in Materna, there is not enough folic acid.

Elevit

The composition of this multivitamin complex does not include iodine (that is, it must be taken separately), but there is a sufficient amount of folic acid and an increased content of magnesium, which is especially necessary for the prevention of miscarriage and the threat of premature birth. Doctors recommend these multivitamins for the complex treatment of placental insufficiency. The price category is above average, reviews of Elevit are mostly positive.

Vitrum Prenatal Forte

One of the most famous, balanced and optimal vitamin complexes, used with equal success during the planning of the unborn child, pregnancy and after childbirth. The formula of the drug contains sufficient for the fair sex, the amount of vitamins of groups A, B (including folic acid at a dosage of 400 mg / day), C, D, E, K, H, etc., as well as trace elements - iron, iodine, zinc, magnesium, selenium, copper, manganese, etc. With regular use of Vitrum Prenatal Forte, it is usually not necessary to take additional doses of certain low molecular weight organic compounds.

Of the positive qualities, one can note the ideal balance of the composition, which does not cause negative manifestations in the vast majority of patients, a convenient dosage (1 tablet / day in the morning after eating), as well as an understandable long-term regimen indicated in the instructions for the drug and calculated for the period before conception, 1 ,2,3 trimesters of pregnancy and time after childbirth with the onset of lactation. The only disadvantage of the multivitamin complex is its high cost compared to analogues.

Useful video

Prenatal vitamins

Question answer

What vitamins to take in the first, second and third (last) trimester of pregnancy?

If you do not get enough vitamins from healthy fresh food (and up to 90 percent of all women experience this, since it is almost impossible to purchase really fresh vegetables / fruits, other similar products and ideally balance the diet in such a way as to completely cover the needs for low molecular weight organic compounds) , then vitamins must be taken constantly, or in long courses throughout the entire period of pregnancy. However, depending on the timing, individual components are particularly important:

First trimester. The most necessary for the future baby and you, folic acid, vitamin E and A.
Second trimester. With a properly balanced diet, you can take small breaks in taking vitamins. The most important trace elements of this period are considered to be iodine, calcium and iron.
Third trimester. Vitamins C and D are especially important.

In any case, if possible, throughout the entire period of pregnancy, take complex multivitamins according to the recommendations and scheme of the attending physician - this will eliminate the need to use 3-4 separate drugs and save you time / nerves along the way.

How much vitamin E to take during pregnancy?

The recommended dosage of vitamin E ranges from 250-350 IU / day, divided into two doses and depends on the individual characteristics of the organism. Regular intake of large doses can negatively affect the health of your child in the future: a number of modern studies and statistics show that women who take more than 600 IU of vitamin E daily throughout their pregnancy give birth to babies with a high risk of heart disease.

Advise, please, the best vitamins for pregnant women

Considering the modern lifestyle, poor ecology, as well as the difficulties in maintaining a truly healthy and nutritious diet, the best way to regularly replenish the missing stocks of low molecular weight organic compounds and trace elements is to take combined multivitamin complexes containing the main groups of useful substances in the required dosage. One of the best drugs of this kind available on the pharmacy market and designed specifically for the needs of pregnant women is Elevit (with an additional separate intake of iodine) and Vitrum Prenatal Forte. Schemes for taking these multivitamins are described in detail in the instructions for the preparations.

Is it possible to drink vitamins Elevit not pregnant?

Naturally, you can. Moreover, they are recommended to be used not only before conception as a general tonic, but also after childbirth, as well as during lactation, when a tired body that has lost many vitamins and trace elements urgently needs to recover and maintain vital processes at the proper level.

What vitamins to drink in early pregnancy?

In the early stages of pregnancy, it is desirable to use all the main groups of vitamins, one way or another positively affecting the processes of recovery, work and growth of the body. Folic acid and tocopherol are considered to be the key low molecular weight organic compounds during this period - the first (vitamin B9) is responsible for the synthesis and support of cell function, and the second (vitamin E) is an antioxidant and ensures the correct metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and fats.

Should I take vitamin B6 during pregnancy?

Vitamin B6 or pyridoxine is an important organic compound that is necessary for the synthesis of a number of amino acids responsible for the formation of a growing organism at the cellular level. It is he who ensures the correct and timely development of the nervous system and, in fact, the brain of your unborn child. In addition, a lack of B6 provokes irritability / aggressiveness, severe toxicosis, convulsive syndrome in the fair sex. It is definitely necessary to take it, either separately or as part of a multivitamin complex. The daily requirement of this drug is 2-4 milligrams, divided into 1-2 doses.

Nowadays, and especially in a metropolis, even good nutrition does not provide the expectant mother with the “set” of vitamins that are needed for the development of the baby and the normal course of pregnancy. According to statistics, vitamin deficiency is observed in 7-8 expectant mothers out of 10.

You can protect yourself and your baby from problems associated with a lack of vitamins by taking vitamin complexes.

The main thing is to know what to drink, in what dosage and for how long.

What vitamins are especially useful during pregnancy for the expectant mother and fetus?

A balanced diet is the basis of the basics, and it is impossible to deviate from the correct diet during pregnancy even a single step.

But the need for some vitamins in a future mother always increases, and not all of them can be taken from foods (especially with). Before buying in the pharmacy everything that suits the occasion, should see a doctor .

Only a specialist will be able to say exactly which vitamins will be superfluous, and which ones cannot be dispensed with. Remember that an excess of vitamins can become even more dangerous than their deficiency!

Especially useful vitamins - what can a future mother do without?

In the 1st trimester:

Folic acid. It should be drunk already at the stage when you are just planning a baby. In extreme cases, right after you saw the long-awaited (or unexpected) “2 red stripes”. Timely intake of vitamin B9 is the prevention of hypovitaminosis, protection against accidental injuries of the spine in crumbs, a "brick" in the construction of the psyche of the unborn baby. Lack of B9 is fraught with malformations. What to look for: beef and chicken liver, spinach and lentils, asparagus. The daily dose is 400-600 mcg. Important: green tea significantly reduces the absorption of B9!
Pyridoxine. One of the main assistants in relieving nausea, reducing nervousness and eliminating muscle spasms and cramps. And from the 8th week of pregnancy, vitamin B6 is also needed by the fetus for the development of the central nervous system.
Vitamin A. It is an important component for fetal growth, vision, skeletal and nervous system development. Important: Exceeding the dose is fraught with heart disease and problems in the children's nervous system! What to look for: fish oil and liver, and vegetables/fruits in red/orange colors. Remember that vitamin A (as fat-soluble) should be eaten with sour cream or yogurt.

In the 2nd trimester:

Vitamin D. The child's body is already almost created, and for the rapid growth of the fetus, substances are essential for the growth of bone tissue and the heart, as well as for the prevention of rickets. In addition, this vitamin contributes to the proper distribution of calcium with phosphorus. In the summer, it is quite possible to do without vitamin D (it is produced in the body on its own), but in winter, with a shortage of the sun, its intake is mandatory. What to look for: fish oil, red fish, egg yolk, milk and butter.
Tocopherol. This vitamin contributes to the correct functioning of the placenta, which, when it ages, often causes miscarriage. In addition, vitamin E is needed for metabolism and will not interfere with the planning stage to balance the monthly cycle. What products to look for: oils, peas, rose hips, tomatoes.
Iodine. Usually it is prescribed in the 1st half of pregnancy, unless, of course, there is a history of thyroid disease. I need iodine for metabolism, prevention of rapid weight gain, weakness, brittle hair, etc. What products to look for: sea salt, algae (including dried ones), sea fish. The daily dose is 200 mcg.

In the 3rd trimester:

And again pyridoxine. At this time, the fetus grows rapidly, which contributes to the appearance of edema. Vitamin B6 will help prevent puffiness.
Iron. With its deficiency, there is a decrease in uterine tone, the appearance of muscle weakness and the development of anemia. What to look for: veal, fish and chicken eggs, as well as pork with beef, turkey and rabbit meat. Less tea and coffee - they reduce the intensity of iron absorption. If you drink it with natural juice (vitamin C will speed up its absorption). The daily dose is 30 mg.
Vitamin C. It is necessary in the 1st and 3rd trimesters for the full development of the placenta, the protection of maternal immunity, the formation of membranes of the fetus / egg. What to look for: citrus fruits and sauerkraut, greens and potatoes, black currants.
Calcium. Any mother knows about the need for this element - it is needed for the proper development of the kidneys and the children's skeleton. You can, of course, put on cottage cheese with sour cream and cabbage, but you still won’t be able to get so much calcium in the right amount - you should take it additionally. Important: coffee and carbonated drinks prevent the full absorption of the element, switch to other drinks. The daily dose is 250 mg.

Remember, that…

Vitamin E the expectant mother needs until the very birth, as well as calcium and iron. But they should be taken separately.
Vitamin C promotes better absorption of iron.
Zinc with copper should not be taken with iron.
Vitamin D improve calcium absorption.

And the most important thing - Do not prescribe vitamins for yourself! Consult a doctor and strictly follow the dosage regimen.

How to choose the right multivitamin for a pregnant woman?

There are so many vitamin complexes in modern pharmacies that your eyes run wide.

What complex to take?

Of course, the one that your doctor prescribes for you!

As for the most correct complex, it should contain:

250 mg calcium.
750 micrograms of vitamin A.
30 mg of iron.
5 micrograms of vitamin D.
400 micrograms of folic acid.
50 mg vitamin C.
15 mg zinc.
2.6 mcg B12 and 2 mg pyridoxine.

Higher dosages- a reason to be wary (listed enough for prevention).

What else needs to be remembered?

Iodine will be prescribed to mom separately. The norm is 200 mg.
Maximum dose of vitamin A is 4000 IU. Exceeding the dose provides a toxic effect.
Calcium is taken separately. And even at other times, so as not to disrupt the absorption of each drug.
Avoid dietary supplements. The requirements for them, as you know, are underestimated, and the exact dosages of the substances present are not fully verified, therefore be careful!

In the absence of a full regular diet.
With previous diseases that are associated with B12 or iron deficiency.
With low immunity.
If the previous pregnancy was interrupted or ended in a miscarriage.
With pathologies of the digestive or cardiovascular systems.
With a cold or an infectious disease during pregnancy.
In case of multiple pregnancy.
With any anomalies in the development of a previous pregnancy.

Vitamins - and features of pregnancy

With an excess and deficiency of vitamins, we figured it out.

It remains to recall only the special cases associated with taking vitamins during the period of "interesting situation":

If you are a vegetarian and especially a vegan , then you can not do without additional intake of vitamins. You need fats, vitamin B12 and vitamin D, as well as folic acid, iodine and iron.
If you have milk intolerance , then this product should be replaced with soy milk, lactose-free dairy products, or calcium tablets.
If you vomit frequently , vitamin B6, which should be taken after meals, will help ease its intensity.
If you live in a region with little sunshine or wear a hijab Be sure to include vitamin D3 in your diet.
If you are an athlete , then it is possible that you have a decrease in blood sugar. Which, in turn, leads to a deterioration in the quality of assimilation of the necessary substances by your crumbs. Therefore, carbohydrates should be increased in the diet, and sports mixtures should be postponed until better times (they can be toxic to the fetus due to high dosages).
If you are waiting , then additional vitamins are needed: B6 - 2 mg / day, iron and, of course, folic acid (1 mg / day).

The site site warns: the information is provided for informational purposes only, and is not a medical recommendation. In no case do not self-medicate, and do not prescribe vitamins yourself! Be sure to consult your doctor!

Every woman who is expecting a baby has heard about the benefits of vitamins for pregnant women. How to find out which vitamins are required for the expectant mother and her baby? How to choose the right multivitamin complex with a lack of many elements? How to avoid an overdose of vitamins, which is so dangerous for a child during fetal development? You will find answers to all these questions later in the article.

It seems to many that the question of the need for vitamins for pregnant women should not be raised at all. The expectant mother and her baby need a complete package. But if you treat his choice negligently, there will be a risk of seriously harming the fetus. What are the pitfalls of taking vitamins during pregnancy?

Often the choice of women in position falls on multivitamins. It would seem that this is the right decision, because pharmacy complexes allow you to get all the elements necessary for the healthy development of the fetus. However, when taking multivitamins, the expectant mother is unlikely to take into account the degree of lack of one or another component, the stage of growth of the child, the season, etc. The vitamin complex contains the amount of substances needed adult person every day. It is designed for adult person.

Vitamins that the body of a pregnant woman does not process will get to the fetus through the umbilical cord. Such a chaotic saturation of the child with elements is fraught with premature aging of the placenta, that is, its dysfunction. And at the same time, Multivitamins contain vitamins E, C, A, vitamin B complex, calcium, magnesium, iron, and iodine necessary during pregnancy.

To find a middle ground, to take or not to take multivitamin complexes, because they contain trace elements necessary for the formation of the fetus, experts still recommend that pregnant women take natural(not to be confused with artificial) multivitamins for children.

IMPORTANT: The body of the expectant mother should not be deficient in any nutrients. Even with a balanced and nutritious diet, the expectant mother needs an additional intake natural vitamins and trace elements, which are made from plant-based food components and which are intended for children, not adults.

Especially natural multivitamin complexes for children are needed:

women with a poor diet;
women who experienced an acute shortage of one or another vitamin before pregnancy;
multiparous women who have previously lost a child, or have pathologies in the development of the fetus;
pregnant women over 30 years of age.
In winter, their presence in the list of mandatory drugs is explained by the vitamin deficiency of the expectant mother, because stale vegetables and fruits are not at all as useful as in the season of their ripening. And in the summer, it is better for a woman to take care of a sufficient amount of fresh raw vegetables on the menu in order to provide the child with the required substances.

The intake of pharmacological preparations should be reduced to specific vitamins, the deficiency of which will be revealed after examination in the clinic.

IMPORTANT: Before using any complexes and individual vitamins, be sure to consult a gynecologist.

Minerals and vitamins in the first trimester of pregnancy

Vitamin B9, otherwise referred to as folic acid, doctors categorize as the most important elements in planning and in the first phase of gestation. It is recommended to take it even during pregnancy planning, so that the body during the conception period is saturated with folic acid.

Under the action of the vitamin, the following phenomena occur in the body:

cells multiply more intensively, which has a beneficial effect on the formation and growth of the fetal egg;
the genetic code of the parents is correctly transferred to the child;
the placenta develops;
a woman receives protection from miscarriage and missed pregnancy;
hemoglobin is synthesized, with the participation of which oxygen is delivered to the fetus;
the neural tube of the embryo is formed - the rudiment of the baby's brain.

IMPORTANT: Folic acid deficiency can cause anemia in a pregnant woman, malformations of the child's brain.

The amount of vitamin B9 in 100 g of the product and the approximate percentage of the daily requirement of a pregnant woman.

Daily volume vitamin B9 trimester is 400-800 mcg. The specific dosage is determined by the gynecologist, self-determination of the norm is unacceptable. Folic acid enters the body with food (liver, Brussels sprouts, spinach, lentils, coarse flour products).

Green tea does not promote absorption vitamin B9, in view of which combinations of the listed products should be discarded. Biseptol works in a similar way, gynecologists forbid its use during gestation.

IMPORTANT: Folic acid is poorly absorbed from food. It is impossible to get the required norm from food, so doctors recommend supplementing it with pills.

Pharmacies offer drugs such as " 9 months folic acid«, « Mamifol«, « Folic acid”, etc. Each of them contains a different dosage of vitamin B9, therefore, it is necessary to purchase the one that the doctor prescribes to the woman based on the results of the examination.

Also, for the formation of a healthy nervous, hormonal, digestive system of the fetus, a complex of vitamins is needed. group B (B6, B1,)

Omega-3 during pregnancy

In second place in importance for the formation of the fetus is Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. According to the Research Institute of Nutrition of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences omega-3 deficiency in most of the children's and adults' population of Russia is about 80%.

IMPORTANT: But Omega-3 is involved in the formation of the brain and retina in a child, as well as healthy blood vessels.

The results of a 15-year study conducted in the UK showed that mothers who used Omega 3 before and during pregnancy gave birth to children with higher mental intelligence.

Omega 3 found in fatty varieties of deep-sea fish, and cold-pressed flaxseed oil, in which Omega-3 is destroyed by exposure to light and heating. And after destruction, the oil becomes filled with carcinogens.

IMPORTANT: It is necessary to take Omega-3 already before pregnancy, throughout pregnancy and while breastfeeding.

Foods that contain Omega-3

Vitamin E valuable even before conception. It controls the timely production of female sex hormones. At the initial stages of gestation, the daily norm of this element is 15 mg. This is an extremely important vitamin in the first trimester, because it is responsible for the development of the placenta and does not allow the female body to perceive the embryo as a foreign body and reject it.

Get vitamin E can be with any vegetable oils, herbs, spinach, lettuce, tomatoes, peas. Less substances contain meat and dairy products, chicken eggs. Accept vitamin E recommended along with vitamin C- ascorbic acid or include in the diet a sufficient amount of fresh vegetables and fruits, as a source vitamin C.

Vitamin A necessary for a woman before conception in the amount of 5000 IU per day. Its rate in early pregnancy is halved. Exceeding this figure is fraught with malformations of the heart and nervous system in the fetus. A woman with increased doses will feel sluggish, sleepy. It may also increase hunger or nausea.

With the participation of vitamin A, the formation of bone tissue, the visual apparatus and the nervous system occurs. Therefore, its lack is fatal, as is an overdose.

The element can be found in apricots, peaches, sea buckthorn, mountain ash, carrots, bell peppers, pumpkins, dairy products, liver.

IMPORTANT: Vitamin A is a fat-soluble element, so it requires fats that can be obtained from food in order to be absorbed.

Vitamins in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy

Remain the same as in the first trimester.

Iodine important throughout the entire gestation period, but its presence acquires special significance in the second trimester. Iodine controls the functioning of the thyroid gland of both the mother and the child. Hormones that are synthesized by the thyroid gland stimulate the metabolism of the fetus and the growth of the baby. With the participation of the trace element, the skeleton is strengthened and the mental development of the child is carried out.

Lack of iodine causes a failure in the metabolic processes of a woman, because of which she begins to gain weight. For a future mother, iodine deficiency is also a risk of thyroid disorders, which leads to the appearance of a goiter. For a child, a lack of a microelement is dangerous by slowing down development. Lack of iodine can cause miscarriage.

The norm of the element is 250 mg per day. In Russia, iodine deficiency is a common phenomenon, therefore, in addition to eating products with it, doctors recommend additionally taking iodine in tablets. The trace element is found in seafood, sea salt, as well as food, which indicates that it is enriched with iodine.

IMPORTANT: Iodine is destroyed by heating, so products containing it should not be subjected to prolonged heat treatment.

Dangers of calcium and iron deficiency during pregnancy

Calcium- the most important element for the creation of bone tissue and teeth of the child. In addition, it is necessary for the proper formation of the endocrine system of the fetus and its kidneys. Calcium is needed for proper blood clotting and muscle contraction. A trace element deficiency will slow down the development of the baby's skeleton, and will also make the mother's bones porous and weak.

The daily intake of calcium is 1500 mg. The element is found in low-fat dairy products, plant foods. Getting enough calcium from food is quite difficult. Doctors advise to turn to preparations with its content, such as Calcemin, Calcemin Advance, Vitrum Osteomag.

IMPORTANT: Fat inhibits the absorption of calcium, so fatty foods should not be combined with this trace element. Prevents absorption and chocolate desserts, coffee, drinks with gas. Vitamin D contributes to the absorption of the element, which is why many manufacturers of synthetic trace elements combine these two substances in one preparation.

Iron is a constituent of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is responsible for the transport of oxygen through the tissues and organs of the mother and child. With a lack of trace elements, the amount of hemoglobin decreases, the fetus experiences oxygen starvation. Under these conditions, the development of anemia in pregnant women is possible.

For proper nutrition of the baby, the body of the expectant mother creates more blood by about a liter. For the formation of this liter, the presence of iron in sufficient volume is also important.

Iron is also necessary for the synthesis of protein, which is involved in the structure of the muscles of the child. Deficiency of the element increases the risk of uterine tone.

A lot of iron contains meat, in particular turkey, rabbit, young beef, pork. From plant foods, the element is absorbed extremely poorly, therefore, when calculating the volume of the substance received, it is not worth focusing on vegetables and fruits.

The daily norm of iron for a pregnant woman is 30 mg, subject to the correct course of pregnancy. According to the examination, the doctor may prescribe preparations with a high iron content to the expectant mother. This is especially true for women who experienced a serious lack of trace elements before pregnancy.

IMPORTANT: Vitamin C contributes to the good absorption of iron. But copper and zinc interfere with this process, so you should refrain from using these elements together. Too much iron in the body can deplete zinc stores.

Vitamins in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy

They remain the same as in the first two trimesters, except for calcium.

Calcium in the 3rd trimester must be reduced and after 32 weeks, do not take additional calcium, and do not lean on foods with a high content of it. Otherwise, the baby's bones will be hard, not elastic, and this will make it difficult for him to move through the birth canal.

Vitamin C strengthens the immune mechanisms of the body. You should be careful when using it. Too much quantity ascorbic acid will cause an increased filtration of this element in the placenta. Thus, an overdose is fraught with the fact that the child will not receive the vitamin at all. Vitamin deficiency will disrupt the structure of the membrane of the fetal egg and the growth of the placenta. The daily volume, which is 100 mg, should be strictly observed.

There is a lot of vitamin C in citrus fruits, which, however, are powerful allergens, so doctors do not advise them to be consumed before childbirth. It is worth paying attention to such sources of vitamin as potatoes, bell peppers, cabbage, carrots, herbs, currants.

Vitamin D, important for the growth and development of the baby's bone tissue, is practically not part of the food. You can get it from sunlight while walking or sunbathing. In the summer, this will be enough to make up for the lack of vitamin D in the body. In winter, doctors will prescribe drugs containing the element. The daily dose of vitamin D is 400 IU.

At the 3rd stage of gestation, in addition to the listed vitamins, it is important to continue taking iron and vitamin A.

When choosing vitamins, many expectant mothers decide to purchase multivitamin complexes for adults. If you take this process lightly, you can get a shortage or overdose of various elements, because each complex contains a different amount of them. In this case, it is better to trust the competent opinion and visit a doctor for an individual selection of vitamins.

IMPORTANT: The appointment of a complex of vitamins and microelements occurs according to the examination of a pregnant woman, during which a lack of specific substances and possible risks in the development of pregnancy are revealed.