The very best in the world. The most dangerous food additives What is the best thing in the world

In truth, the largest diamond in the world is the Cullinan diamond, which was presented to Edward VII on November 9, 1907. The largest diamond in the world, named after the owner of the mine, Thomas Cullinan, was presented by the Tronsvaal Colony to the British king in honor of his birthday.

The mass of the diamond was 3106.75 carats, which is 621.35 grams. The dimensions of this diamond are 100x65x50 mm.

THE MOST FAMOUS DRINK IN THE WORLD

In truth, the most famous drink in the world is Coca-Cola. "Coca-Cola" was recognized as the most expensive brand in the world in 2005-2015 in the ranking of the international research agency Interbrand.

The Coca-Cola drink was invented in Atlanta (Georgia, USA) on May 8, 1886 by pharmacist John Stith Pemberton, a former officer in the American Confederate Army. He just wanted to get rid of the headaches. Being a pharmacist, he came up with a recipe that consisted of two ingredients - coca leaves and kola nuts. The resulting drink had tonic properties, but was diluted with ordinary water, one day, by chance, the seller, diluting the syrup, poured carbonated water - this is how the drink was born.

At first, an average of only 9 people bought the drink daily. Sales revenue for the first year was only $50. $ 70 was spent on the production of Coca-Cola, that is, in the first year the drink was unprofitable. But gradually the popularity of Coca-Cola increased, and the profits from its sale too. Pemberton sold the rights to the drink in 1888. In 1892, businessman Asa Griggs Candler, who held the rights to Coca-Cola, founded The Coca-Cola Company, which is still producing the drink today.

The highest mountain in the world

Chomolungma (Everest) - the highest peak of the Earth - 8848 m above sea level.

It is located in the Himalayas, in the Mahalangur Himal range (in the part called Khumbu Himal). The southern peak (8760 m) lies on the border of Nepal and the Tibet Autonomous Region (China), the Northern (main) peak (8848 m) is located on the territory of China.

Everest has the shape of a trihedral pyramid, the southern slope is steeper. On the southern slope and ribs, snow and firn are not retained, as a result of which they are exposed. The height of the Northeast shoulder is 8393 m. The height from the foot to the top is about 3550 m. The summit consists mainly of sedimentary deposits.

Longest river in the world

The longest river in the world is the Amazon. river in South America. It is formed by the confluence of the Maranion and Ucayali rivers. The length from the source of the Maranion River is 6992.06 km, from the source of the Apachet River - about 7000 km, from the source of Ucayali over 7000 km. The Amazon, with its longest source, claims, along with the Nile, the status of the longest watercourse in the world, and is also the world's largest river in terms of basin area and full flow.

With the largest island in the world

It is believed that the largest island in the world is Greenland. The area of ​​the island is 2,130,800 sq. km. The island belongs to Denmark and is included in its autonomous unit of Greenland. An island in northeastern North America. It is washed by the Atlantic and Arctic oceans.

With the biggest ship in the world

The largest liner and ship in the world is Knock Nevis. Supertanker under the Norwegian flag. Its dimensions were: 458.45 meters long and 69 meters wide, which made it the largest ship in the world before the commissioning of the Prelude FLNG supertanker-gas plant. Built in 1976, rebuilt in 1979 last years was used as a floating oil storage facility, then delivered to Alang, where it was scrapped in 2010.

Second place goes to the passenger liner Oasis of the Seas. This liner was launched on October 28, 2009. And until now, this vessel has no equal in boldness ... The length of the "Oasis of the Seas" is 361 meters, the width is 66 meters, and the height is 72 meters.

With the tallest building in the world

The tallest building is the Burj Khalifa. a skyscraper with a height of 828 meters in Dubai, the tallest building in the world. The shape of the building resembles a stalagmite. The solemn opening ceremony took place on January 4, 2010 in the largest city of the United Arab Emirates - Dubai. The building was scheduled to open on September 9, 2009 at the same time as the opening of the Dubai Metro, but the opening was postponed to January 2010 due to reduced funding from the developer.

From the very first computer in the world

The very first programmable computer was introduced to the world on February 14, 1946 in the United States of America - ENIAC. It weighed 30 tons and contained 18,000 vacuum tubes. True, the speed of the machine was only 5,000 operations per second. In total, this computer model worked for 9 years.

With the most expensive doll in the world

The world record for the price is a doll named L'Oiseleur, which translates from French as a bird tamer. Her height is as much as 120 centimeters. She is dressed in a renaissance dress and can play the flute. She holds a sword in her hands, and birds sit on her shoulder, which she is engaged in taming. They can flap their wings and even sing. The price of this doll is 6.2 million dollars.

The most expensive painting in the world

It is believed that the most expensive painting in the world is the painting “When is the wedding?” Painting by Paul Gauguin, painted by the artist in Tahiti in 1892. For half a century it belonged to the family of Rudolf Stehlin and exhibited at the Art Museum Basel. In 2015, the painting was sold to the Qatari Museum Authority for a record $300 million.

Painting by Pablo Picasso - "Women of Algeria", which was painted in 1955, was sold at the auction house Christie's, on 05/11/2015. The painting was bought by Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber Al Thani for $179.3 million.

The most expensive coin in the world

The most expensive coin in the world bears the romantic name "Loose Hair" - the first US one-dollar coins. It is not as ancient as some of the numismatists' collections, but is of incredible value, last bought for $7,850,000. This silver dollar is the dream of many collectors. Years of minting: 1795-1804.

The most expensive apartment in the world

The 1st place in the list from various sources is occupied by a penthouse of 3,300 sq.m. in Monaco, worth 300 million euros. The dwarf state of Monaco is considered very rich and its real estate attracts oligarchs from all over the world. The most expensive apartment in the world is located in the Sky Penthouse - it is 5 floors at an altitude of 170 meters above sea level and overlooking it. Its area includes a cinema, a fitness center, a water slide, a swimming pool, a children's playroom, and the price includes driver and concierge services.

With the most expensive coffee in the world

The most expensive coffee in the world Coffee Luwak (Kopi Luwak). Every real coffee lover has heard of the world-famous Indonesian coffee luwak (kopi luwak). A type of coffee known for a specific processing method. This coffee is produced in industrial scale in Indonesia, the Philippines, South India and Vietnam. Kopi Luwak is one of the most expensive coffees in the world, ranging from $250 to $1,200 per kilo.

The longest day of the year

The date of the longest day of the year depends on the hemisphere and the leap year. In the Northern Hemisphere, the summer solstice occurs on June 20, if this year has 365 days. Well, and accordingly, if there are 366 days in a year, then the longest day is June 21. The longest day of the year is the day summer solstice. It will be followed by the shortest night of the year.

The coldest country in the world

The coldest country in the world is considered the USA due to Alaska, where the low temperature regime is kept for nine months (temperatures reach minus 62 degrees). But not only too low temperature makes Alaska very cold - strong winds that often rage here give additional "frostiness". It is in Alaska that one of the coldest mountain peaks is located - McKinley.

With the most expensive bra in the world

Red Hot Fantasy Bra

Every year, one "angel" is chosen from all the participants in the Victoria's Secret show, who enters the catwalk in a special bra - Fantasy Bra, encrusted with precious stones. The good tradition began more than 20 years ago, in 1996.

The very first model that Claudia Schiffer introduced to the world was at the same time the most inexpensive - its cost was $ 1 million, and the highest cost was for the 2000 bra, in which Gisele Bündchen walked the catwalk - $ 15 million. Red Hot Fantasy Bra even entered the Guinness Book of Records as the most expensive piece of women's underwear in the world. Red silk bra set with 1,300 diamonds and rubies totaling 300 carats.

The most expensive book in the world

The most expensive book in the world is the Codex Leicester, written by Leonardo da Vinci. America's richest man, Bill Gates, has won the most expensive book in the world. Codex was sold for $30.8 million in 1994.

Leicester code

Notebook of scientific notes made by Leonardo da Vinci in Milan in 1506-1510. The manuscript consists of 18 sheets of paper, written on both sides and forming a 72-page notebook. Leonardo's notes are written in his own mirror writing - they can only be read with the help of a mirror. The notes are devoted to various phenomena, the nature of which Leonardo thought about: why the moon glows, how and why water flows in rivers, where fossils come from, what minerals are made of, and so on. The notebook also contains a large number of mathematical calculations, diagrams and drawings. The "Leicester" codex was named after the Earl of Leicester, who bought the manuscript in 1717.

With the most expensive pen in the world

To date, the most expensive pen is Fulgor Nocturnus Tibaldi. The price of the pen is $9 million. It was produced by Tibaldi, a well-known company from Florence that produces exquisite writing instruments. At an auction in Shanghai, Fulgor Nocturnus sold for an astronomical sum of $9 million. The case of the future masterpiece was made by master jewelers from 18 carat gold, which was subsequently covered with platinum.

The entire surface of this precious accessory is studded with the rarest black diamonds. There are over a thousand black diamonds on the case, 945 black diamonds and 125 bright red rubies on the cap. A total of 2197 gems were spent.
On the golden pen, you can see the image of an eagle - the family coat of arms of the Akila family, which has been adorned with accessories produced under the Tibaldi brand for several centuries.
Fulgor Nocturnus is based on the divine proportion, called the phi proportion in many cultures.

Most visited country in the world

The most visited country in the world is France. According to 2013 data, 84.7 million tourists visited the country. Recall that it is in France that Paris is located and it is in Paris that you can see the Eiffel Tower, Disneyland, the Louvre, the Arc de Triomphe, Versailles, Notre Dame Cathedral (Notre Dame), etc.

The smallest but famous country

Vatican

A dwarf enclave state within the territory of Rome, associated with Italy. The status of the Vatican in international law is an auxiliary sovereign territory of the Holy See, the residence of the highest spiritual leadership Roman Catholic Church. The area of ​​the country is 0.44 km², the population is 1,000 people.

The most, most, most ... in the world - history, facts updated: November 10, 2017 by: website

There are many records in the world. Sometimes they turn out completely by accident, sometimes you have to go long and hard to get to them. But all the same, everyone strives to get something of the very best: to grow most big vegetable, paint the biggest picture, shoot the most expensive clip or the longest series. It is about such records that we will talk.

Perfume Chanel No. 5 has long been the most famous fragrance in the world, it is a classic in perfumery. And, of course, advertising must be appropriate. It was one of the advertising films that went down in history as the most expensive advertisement - a four-minute picture cost $ 44 million, that is, 11 million for each minute of the clip. And 4 million went only to Nicole Kidman's fee. By the way, this fee was also the highest in this area.

2. The longest ears

You can determine the record holder in this competition by absolute and relative values. In the first case, the African elephant becomes the undisputed leader, whose ears are one and a half meters long. But this is only a quarter of the length of the giant's body. And so we move on to the winner in relative terms.
Here the long-eared jerboa with ears half the size of its own body becomes the champion. The height of the jerboa is 9 cm, and its ears reach 5 cm. This miracle lives in the Gobi Desert and is under the threat of extinction.
There is another artificially bred "long-eared" - a rabbit of the "Brussels ram" breed. Its ears in the straightened state reach a length of 50-60 cm.

3. The longest word in Russian

Among most longest words in the Guinness Book of Records are collected represented by different languages. The Russian word in 1993 was considered to be “roentgenoelectrocardiographic”, consisting of 33 letters, in 2003 it was replaced by the word “highly contemplating” of 35 letters.
It is difficult to understand exactly what criteria the publishers used in this case. After all, it is possible to create a word, according to the rules of the Russian language, of almost infinite length, which will indicate the degree of kinship using the prefixes "pra-".
In addition, there are names of chemical compounds nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrin (40 letters) and tetrahydropyra(55 letters) or designations of quantities (one thousand nine hundred and eighty nine millimeters out of 46 letters).

4. The biggest pig

most Big Bill is considered a large pig - a Chinese-Polish boar breed. It belonged to W.D. Chappaloo who took his animal to the Chicago World's Fair in 1933. On the way, as a result of strong braking, the pig fell in the back of a truck and broke its leg. The owner had to euthanize the pet, but before that they managed to measure: the height at the withers was 1.52 m, the length from the snout to the tail was 2.74 m, and the weight was 1157.3 kg!

5. The narrowest house

One day, Jakub Szczesny, a Polish architect, drew attention to a narrow gap between two skyscrapers. This painting inspired him to create an installation house project in such a small space. The project was sponsored by the Israeli writer Etgar Keret, who will be granted the right to lead the month as a full-fledged tenant in House Tours.
Most the narrow house will be completed by February 4, 2012, its width will be 1.5 meters, and inside on two floors connected by a swedish staircase there will be a living room, a bedroom, a kitchen and a bathroom. Later, the house will become a studio for artists from all over the world.

6. The smallest basketball player

The NBA is dominated by huge basketball players. All the more surprising is the appearance among them of players of average or below average height. So in the 80s and 90s, Muggsy Bogz with a height of 160 cm played in the games. Now most The smallest professional basketball player in the world is Earl Boykins. He plays for the Washington Wizards and has a height of 165 cm. Now Boykins is 33 years old, of which he has been playing in the NBA for 10 years.

7. scariest horror movie

by the most Stanley Kubrick's 1980 film based on Stephen King's novel of the same name, The Shining, was recognized as a scary horror film. An interesting fact is that the film just fits perfectly into the mathematical model of the horror film, while the picture has consistently remained on the lists of the best films in this genre for over 30 years.
By the way, King himself was against the invitation of Jack Nichols to leading role. As planned by the writers, the protagonist gradually loses his mind, this is what makes the atmosphere of the book, and as the film was planned, so creepy. According to King, Nicholson already has a shadow of madness on his face from the very first frames.

8. The biggest cat

15 years ago, a former employee of Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Roger Dejajne, in the Canadian Chalk River, picked up a couple of stray kittens on the territory of the laboratory. The family liked the kids and stayed with Roger, receiving the names Lost and Found.
After 6 years, the Lost and Foundlings had kittens. The entire litter was suitable for friends, except for one cat. She had pretty black spots on her snow-white fur, for which the girl was named Snowball. Snowball was not a small kitten right away, by the age of nine she turned into a real snowball weighing about 40 kg and 69 cm long.
The kitty constantly asked for food, now she needs 3 kg of cat food per day! At the same time, veterinarians believe that she is not obese, she is just really very large. It is assumed that such a gigantic size is a consequence of radiation exposure in the laboratory of her parents, which resulted in changes in the thyroid gland in Snowball.

9. Longest Comedy Show

In 1961, for the first time, a KVN program appeared on the screens. Very quickly, she gained a sea of ​​\u200b\u200bfans, infecting the entire USSR with KVN-mania. 10 years later, however, the project was closed due to too caustic and topical humor. But in 1986, KVN was revived and still exists.
In addition to the Higher League, there are several more official leagues, it has its own system of cups, seasons, game rules. Many modern stars came out of KVN - Mikhail Zadornov, Gennady Khazanov, Leonid Yakubovich, Valdis Pelsh, Tatyana Lazareva, Alexander Pushnoy, Sergey Svetlakov, Andrey Chivurin, Pavel Volya and many others. Now KVN has become a spectacle, without losing the gaiety and resourcefulness of the first games, but turning them into spectacular shows.

10. The most expensive car number

In the United Arab Emirates, the traffic police hold auctions for the sale of exclusive license plates. In 2007 alone, more than $136 million was earned in this way. The special attraction of the room is given by the fact that interesting fact that the number is transferred to the owner in perpetual possession with the right to transfer by inheritance.
Most the expensive license plate “1” was sold from Abu Dhabi to Saeed Abdul Ghaffar Khoeri for $14,000,000. The auction started at $27,000, and the winning 25-year-old billionaire was willing to pay twice as much.

11. The largest chicken eggs

All lovers of eggs and egg products can celebrate World Egg Day on October 14th. They also need to know that most Harriet laid a large hen's egg. This testicle weighed 163 grams, was 11.5 cm long and 23 cm in girth. Owned by Harriet 64-year-old Tony Barbuti from Eastwood (UK).
But there is information from Georgia about a new record. At Murman Modebadze in the Zestafon region, a hen laid an egg weighing 170 grams, 62 mm in diameter and 82 mm long. Now it is expected to be checked by a commission from the Guinness Book of Records, but for now the egg is stored in special conditions.

12. most expensive car

by the most a copy of Bugatti, made of platinum and twenty-four-carat gold, adorned with diamonds, was recognized as an expensive car. The Bugatti Veyron is made in 1:18 scale, it has doors that open and the wheels turn with the help of the steering wheel. The €2.4 million toy was created by British designer Stuart Hughes and Swiss car designer Robert Galpen.

13. most expensive cheese

by the most the most expensive cheese in the world is the cheese of the Serbian company Zasavica. It is made from donkey's milk and costs 1000 euros per 1 kg. The price of cheese is determined by the raw materials used. The fact is that to produce a kilogram of cheese, you need 25 liters of donkey milk, and this is just the annual amount of milk from one donkey. At the same time, donkey milk is considered very valuable for its healing qualities - it has a great effect on the skin, giving it beauty and youth.
It is said that it was donkey milk that Cleopatra used for her baths. See the article for other recipes.

All the most in the world.

THE LARGEST METRO IN THE WORLD BY NUMBER OF STATIONS.

The New York City Subway occupies a leading position in the world in terms of the number of stations. There are 469 of them. And only 277 of them are underground. The metro has 34 lines, BUT 24 routes. The system is somewhat confusing. The New York subway is characterized by a fundamental difference between the route and the line. The line is only part of the way with stations. And the route is the path of the train from the initial to the final stop, which can pass along different lines.
Also interesting is the fact that the metro is divided into express trains (stop only at certain stations) and local trains (follow with all stops).
Formally, it is considered that the metro appeared on October 27, 1904. On this day, the first branch of its underground part was officially launched. But you need to know that this significant event was preceded by the appearance of the first land line on October 9, 1863 (by the way, it is still operating). About 40% of subway tracks in New York are ground and elevated. But this does not prevent us from calling it Subway (subway from English).
The New York City Subway has the largest fleet of train cars in the world. In July 2014, he had almost 6,400 of them. The metro serves 1.7 billion passengers a year. Hours of operation are 24/7 and year round. The length of the routes is 375 km. The total length of the tracks is 1362 km. In addition to the ways we are used to getting on the subway, in New York there are elevators that will take a person from the street directly to the station. Naturally, they are designed for people with disabilities.

THE HIGHEST TREE IN THE WORLD.

The tallest tree in the world is a sequoia growing in northern California (USA). She even has her own name - Hyperion. Apparently, this name was given to her in honor of the mythological character - the titan Hyperion (translated from ancient Greek as very tall). This tree was discovered only on August 25, 2006 by researchers Michael Taylor and Chris Atkins. The height of the tree is 115.61 m. The volume of wood is 530 cubic meters. Approximate age 700-800 years.
The tree was climbed (yes, just like a mountain, with all the attributes of climbers). And as one of the climbers Steve Silett noted, judging by the external signs of needles, the tree has growth potential.
Interesting facts about the tallest tree in the world. Sequoias can live up to 4,000 years. The exact location of this tree is not disclosed due to the danger of a massive invasion of tourists and, as a result, a deterioration in the ecological balance.

THE LARGEST PLANE IN THE WORLD.

Interesting Facts about the largest plane. The aircraft has a so-called two-fin tail (roughly speaking - two tails). The peculiarity of this design is due to the aerodynamic characteristics of the apparatus when transporting cargo directly on the top of the fuselage. Now the full name of the aircraft is AN-225 Mriya (translated from Ukrainian as a dream). The aircraft is capable of transporting up to 50 cars at the same time. The total load capacity is 250 tons. Moreover, “on the roof” it can carry cargo weighing up to 200 tons. Maximum takeoff weight 640 tons. The weight of an unloaded aircraft is 250 tons. The stock of fuel on board is 300 tons. The maximum flight altitude is 12000 meters. Flight range up to 15400 km. All control systems are 4 times redundant (duplicated). About 250 world records belong to the AN-225.

THE LONGEST RAILWAY TUNNEL IN THE WORLD.

The longest railway tunnel in the world is Japan's Seikan Tunnel. Its length is 53,850 meters, of which 23,300 pass under water. The tunnel goes almost 240 meters deep and 100 meters below the seabed.
The width of the tunnel is 9.7 meters. Height 7.85 meters.
The name of the tunnel is translated as "Majestic spectacle". The tunnel connects the islands of Honshu and Hokkaido, and passes under the Sangar Strait.
The story after which the decision to build this tunnel was made is rather tragic. Passenger ferries used to run between these islands. But in 1954, as a result of a strong storm, 5 ferries sank. More than 1000 people became victims of the crash. The Japanese government decided to create a safe connection between the islands. Design and exploration work took 9 years. Total construction is more - as much as 24 years, from 1964 to 1988. Only on March 13, 1988, the Seikan Tunnel was opened to train traffic. The tunnel cost the Japanese treasury $3.6 billion. About 14 million people worked on its creation.
Interesting facts about the longest tunnel in the world. For the construction, 17,000 tons of steel structures, 85,000 tons of cement, 2,900 tons of explosives, 847,000 cubic meters of a mixture of liquid glass and concrete were used. During the work, 630,000 cubic meters of soil were removed. So far, Seikan is the longest railway tunnel in the world. But the Gotthard base tunnel with a length of 57.1 km breathes down his neck. (delivery is planned in 2016-2017). To date, the Seikan Tunnel is the deepest under the seabed.

THE MOST NORTHERN CITY IN THE WORLD.

The northernmost city in the world is Longyearbyen, Norway. It is the administrative center of the province of Svalbard on the island of Svalbard. It is located 1305 km from the North Pole. The city was founded in 1906 by John Munro Longyearbyen, after whom it was named.
Initially, coal was mined in the town. Now it is not exported, but the Norwegian authorities still maintain a presence here, and even try to develop a tourist destination. The population of the city according to 2008 data is 2040 people. The average temperature in the city is like in your freezer (-16 -20 degrees Celsius), and only in summer it rises to the level of your refrigerator (1-5 degrees with a plus sign). The city has the Svalbard International University with 360 students. The first thing they teach in this university is to shoot. Since there are many wild and predatory animals on Svalbard (mostly polar bears, of course), the ability to shoot well, and most importantly, shoot accurately, may help the student get a diploma, and not become someone's dinner.
The city has its own airport serving regular flights.
As well as a seaport capable of receiving even cruise liners.
INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE MOST NORTHERN CITY IN THE WORLD. The city has a curious law. According to him, a person is forbidden to die!!! in the town. If someone still needs to get very sick or even die, then, according to the law, this citizen is transported in any convenient way to the mainland. It seems like a strange law. But no, everything is due to the local climate. Bodies at such temperatures practically do not decompose, which in turn attracts the predatory part of the local fauna. Therefore, there is no cemetery in the city.

THE LARGEST CAR IN THE WORLD.

The largest car in the world is the BelAZ 75710 mining dump truck. In the fall of 2013, our Belarusian brothers produced the first such truck commissioned by the Siberian Business Union holding. The carrying capacity of this miracle of technology is 450 tons. Length 20.6 m, width 9.75 m, height 8.17 m. The weight of the giant is 360 tons. Despite its impressive size and weight, the dump truck is capable of speeds up to 67 km/h. As you might guess, the car is all-wheel drive, which is very important when traveling through quarries.
The truck was listed in the Guinness Book of Records in January 2014, carrying a load of 503.5 tons around the test site.
The car has two diesel engines, each with a capacity of 2330 hp. Fuel consumption is approximately 1300 liters per 100 kilometers. 5600 liters of fuel are freely placed in the tank. The oil system is filled with 538 liters of oil.
The total weight of the dump truck with a load of 810 tons. Belaz has tires with a dimension of 59 / 80R63. Wheel height - 4.02 meters. Tire width 1.47 meters, weight - 5.75 tons.
The designers also took care of the driver. The package includes air conditioning, a monitoring system for dead zones, proximity sensors to a high-voltage line and fire extinguishing systems. The truck can operate in the most difficult conditions both in open pits and in deep quarries at temperatures from -50 to +50 degrees.

THE LARGEST CRUISE SHIP IN THE WORLD.

The largest cruise ship in this moment- Allure of the seas (translated as Charm of the Seas). Its main parameters are as follows. Length 362 meters. Width 60 meters (at the waterline 47 meters). Height 72 meters - from the keel to the end of the pipe. Draft 9.3 meters. Displacement 225,282 BRT. Here is a little more about GRT (gross register ton) - a unit of volume equal to 100 cubic feet, that is, 2.83 m³. The displacement of a ship is the amount of water displaced by the underwater part of the hull. The mass of this water is equal to the weight of the entire ship, regardless of its size, shape or material. That is, in simple terms, the weight of such a vessel is about 637,548 tons, plus or minus several tons of passengers with a crew and supplies of fuel and food.
The crew consists of 2384 people. The ship is capable of taking on board 6296 passengers. The liner sails under the Bahamian flag. Port of Nassau. Manufactured in Finland by order of the American shipping company Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. November 21, 2009 launched, but put into operation only a year later, November 29, 2010.
Allure of the seas cruises the Bahamas Caribbean and also operates a transatlantic voyage to Barcelona from Fort Lauderdale. He also has routes in the Mediterranean. By and large, this ship is identical to its fellow Oasis of the seas. It has the same 25 cafes and restaurants, climbing walls, a basketball court and 7 different zones. But when measuring the length, the “Charm of the Seas” turned out to be 5 cm longer. Most likely, the difference in length is due to the temperature during measurements.
INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE LARGEST CRUISE SHIP IN THE WORLD. The ship has a central park where about 12,000 plants grow, 60 of which are trees. During the cruise, you can go shopping. There are boutiques of famous brands. The power of the ship's engines is 97,000 kW or 131,920 horsepower. The money used on board is US dollars. Thanks to the collaboration with the film studio DreamWorks, Princess Fiona from the Shrek cartoon became the godmother of the ship. There is an Aqua Theater on board.

BIGGEST LOTTERY WINNING.

The most important thing to emphasize is to consider the biggest lottery win per person. In my opinion, it is unfair to talk about a big jackpot if it is shared among several people. So, the biggest win in the lottery was 590 million dollars.
On May 18, 2013, the famous American Powerball lottery played such a significant jackpot. The winner was an 84-year-old resident from Zeferhills (Florida. USA) Gloria S. McKenzie. As Gloria recalls, perhaps she was lucky because the man standing in front of her in line for tickets (oh how! They have a line for lottery tickets) let her go ahead.
As a lottery spokeswoman said, "The winner took a lump sum of $370.8 million instead of 30 annual payments of $19 million." Gloria donated about $2 million to repair the roof of her daughter's biology school. And also finally changed a small apartment for a respectable mansion worth $ 1.2 million. Despite persuasion, the winner refused to give a press conference, and in every possible way asked not to interfere in her life. Which is quite understandable and understandable.

THE SMALLEST HOTEL IN THE WORLD.

The smallest hotel in the world is the Central Hotel on a quiet street in a prestigious area of ​​Copenhagen (the one that is the capital of Denmark). The rooms in the hotel, as you might guess, are whole ... one, with an area of ​​​​12 square meters. meters. But it has everything you need for a comfortable stay: a double bed 1.4 meters wide, an LCD TV (which, if desired, can be hidden behind a decorative wooden panel), a bathroom with a shower, a refrigerator, a telephone, and even free Wi-Fi.
The only room is located on the second floor of a two-story building. There is a cozy cafe on the ground floor.
The cafe opened in 2010, and only on July 19, 2013 did the hotel start working, accepting the first visitors. A room for up to 2 people will cost you DKK 1,800 (€240) per night. And this is including breakfast for two, which is served from 7 am to noon. You can even order it to your room. Despite its modest size, the hotel is very popular. Therefore, if you decide to relax in it, take care of advance booking. The success of the institution was probably ensured by the former profession of its owner. Leif Singfeld (the owner of the hotel) worked in show business, so he knows how to attract the attention of visitors. Every square inch of his property deserves special attention. The hotel even has its own logo.

THE LONGEST WORD IN THE WORLD.

The longest word in the world consists of 189,819 English characters. This word means a chemical compound, better known in the world as Titin (it is also called titin or connectin) - the largest protein known to science. Titin consists of 38138 amino acids. The chemical formula of this protein is C132983H211861N36149O40883S693
It makes no sense to quote this word in its entirety here, since you will spend 3.5 hours of your time just reading it. And the pronunciation of the names of such complex chemical compounds is only good for training the muscles of the tongue. Let me just say that it starts with Methionil, and ends (after 3.5 hours) with isoleucine. The word occupies about 30 sheets of standard typewritten text.

JUMP FROM THE HIGHEST HEIGHT TO THE GROUND.

Felix Baumgartner, an Austrian skydiver from Salzburg, has made the world's highest skydive.
This event happened on October 14, 2012. The jump was made from a height of 39,450 meters from the stratosphere. None of the modern aircraft for transporting people is not able to reach such a height. To deliver the jumper to this height, a special space capsule was required, which was lifted by a balloon filled with helium. The jump was also made in a spacesuit, since breathing at such a height is no longer possible.
In the fall, the Austrian developed a speed of 1357.6 km / h, thereby exceeding the speed of sound. In free fall, the athlete spent 4 minutes and 20 seconds.
INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT JUMP FROM THE HIGHEST HEIGHT. The Austrian became the first person to overcome the speed of sound in free fall, and also broke the record for the fastest free fall and the highest flight on a stratosphere balloon. Felix Baumgartner is often referred to as an "adrenaline junkie". On July 31, 2003, he became the first person to fly across the entire English Channel using a special wing.

THE BIGGEST ANIMAL IN THE WORLD.

The largest animal in the world is the Blue Whale. The whale is an animal, not a fish, as it is a mammal. The length of this giant can reach 33 meters, and the weight is 190 tons. The maximum length was recorded in 1926 and amounted to 33.58 meters. The habitat of this giant is almost the entire oceans.
The whale feeds on plankton, krill and crustaceans, less often on small fish and cephalopods. It eats from 3.5 to 8 tons of feed per day. The stomach of an adult whale can contain up to one and a half tons of food.
The whale has poor eyesight and smell, but the sense of touch and hearing are very well developed. The life expectancy of a blue whale is about 80-90 years, but there were also centenarians at 110 years old. The blue whale is a loner. Occasionally there are groups of 2-3 individuals. There are known cases of detection of numerous groups of 60-70 individuals, but, as a rule, this is due to the presence of abundant food in such places.
INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE BIGGEST ANIMAL. When exhaling, the blue whale releases a vertical fountain of water in the form of a narrow cone or column expanding upwards up to 10 meters high. Female blue whales are larger than males. There are beliefs that there were specimens up to 37 meters long. The tongue of such a whale alone can weigh 4 tons, and this is already the weight of an adult elephant, and quite a large one. An adult blue whale has over 8,000 liters of blood in its body. The heart weighs up to 1 ton and beats at about 5-10 beats per minute. Blue whales can communicate with their brethren at a distance of up to 33 km. The whale is able to dive to a depth of 500 meters. The whale breathes 1-4 times per minute.

THE LARGEST POOL IN THE WORLD.

So, if you are going to swim freely in clear sea water, without fear of sharks and coastal waves, then welcome to the Pacific coast in the city of Algarrobo, which is located a hundred kilometers west of the capital of Chile, Santiago. It is here that the largest pool in the world San Alfonso del Mar (San Alfonso Del Mar) is located.
The maximum length of the pool is 1013 meters (3323 English feet). The area of ​​the water surface is 8 hectares. It is very clearly visible even from space.
The volume of liquid (in this case, filtered ocean water) is 250 million liters. The water is purified, filtered and enters the pool directly from the Pacific Ocean. The water temperature in it is quite comfortable - 26 degrees Celsius. It should be noted that the depth in it is not as impressive as the overall size. The maximum depth is only 3.5 meters. But this does not prevent even boat trips (in the pool!!!).
The pool was put into operation in December 2006. Construction cost Crystal Lagoons $2 billion. One water filtration system cost about $3.5 million. The annual maintenance of the pool costs 4 million dollars.

THE SMALLEST CITY IN THE WORLD.

The smallest city in the world is in Croatia. It is called Hum and is located in the Buzet community on the Istrian peninsula. Only 17 people live in it. Why is it called a city, but because it has all the relevant infrastructure - a post office, a museum, a central square, a cemetery, souvenir and wine shops, and as many as two churches.
Hum - located on top of a hill at an altitude of 349 meters. The city was built on the ruins of an ancient Roman settlement around the 11th century.
INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE SMALLEST CITY IN THE WORLD. The maximum number of inhabitants that has ever lived here is 300 people. The city has only 2 streets and 20 buildings. There is a belief that the birth of Huma was a joke of the local giants. They erected the Hum fortress from a few stones left after the construction of cities in the valley of the Mirna River. Elections of the mayor of the city, held in June, are quite peculiar. Men gather and with a sharp object, similar to a small sickle, cuts are made on the corners of a special square wand. Then the number of notches per candidate is counted. This is a kind of voting. The winner is solemnly handed a rod, a symbol of power, called a "mace". It should be noted that not everyone wants to be a leader, since the population of the city is elderly people with a lot of problems to be solved.

THE MOST EXPENSIVE WINE IN THE WORLD.

Screaming Eagle 1992 Cabernet Sauvignon is considered to be the most expensive wine in the world. This wine was produced in the Napa Valley of California (USA), where it was subsequently sold. At a charity wine auction in 2000, a 6-liter bottle of this noble drink went under the hammer for $500,000. Chase Bailey, top manager of Cisco Systems, became the lucky owner.
It is worth noting that the Screaming Eagle appeared on the market relatively recently, in 1992. And after 2 years it was already on the list of the best wines in the world.
But the contender for the title of the most expensive wine has remained a contender. In 1989, New York citizen William Sokolin tried to sell a bottle of Chateau Margaux from 1787 with the initials of Thomas Jefferson himself (3rd President of the United States, one of the authors of the declaration of independence) for the same $500,000. It should be noted that there was no queue for this wine, and he came with a bottle to a reception hosted by Chateau Margaux at The Four Seasons restaurant. Everything would be fine, but the waiter somehow managed to break this exhibit. Nevertheless, Sokolin received $ 225,000 from the insurance company, as he managed to insure the wine for a decent amount. The fate of the waiter is silent.

THE DEEPEST DEPTH IN THE WORLD.

The deepest place in the world is the Mariana Trench. It is located in the western part of the Pacific Ocean near the Mariana Islands, after which it was named. The length of the Mariana Trench is about 1500 kilometers. The bottom is flat with a width of 1-5 km. Recently, the presence of mountains up to 2.5 km high was discovered at the bottom. According to research in 2011, the maximum depth of the Mariana Trench at its deepest point, called the Challenger Deep, is 10994 with an error of +/- 40 meters. The depression formed at the junction of the Pacific and Philippine tectonic plates. The discovery and first measurement of the depth of the Mariana Trench occurred in 1875. Then the British intended 8367 meters. And in 1951, they found a depth already of 10863 meters. For the first time, people plunged to the bottom of the Mariana Trench on January 23, 1960 on the Trieste bathyscaphe. They were explorer Jacques Picard and US Navy lieutenant Don Walsh. Then it was proved that life exists even at such depths. At the bottom, flat fish and various living organisms were found.
INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE MARIANA TRESS. The pressure at the bottom is 108.6 MPa, which is 1072 times more than atmospheric pressure at the level of the World Ocean. Therefore, there are probably fish flat as a pancake. At the moment, only three people have visited the bottom of the Mariana Trench. There are many legends and myths about the existence of various monsters, dinosaurs and other cute creatures there. If you throw a metal ball with a mass of 1 kg, then it will reach the bottom only after 64 minutes. The depth of the Mariana Trench is greater than the height of the highest mountain Everest.

THE SMALLEST COUNTRY IN THE WORLD.

The smallest country in the world is the Vatican. It is located inside Rome, the capital of Italy. It can hardly be called a country in the usual sense. Even the title "city-country" does not quite suit the Vatican, since it is only a few streets almost in the very center of Rome. The area of ​​the state is 0.44 km2.
The population is approximately 840 people. Citizens of this state are citizens of the Holy See. The country gained independence from Italy only on February 11, 1929. According to the international classification, the Vatican is the sovereign territory of the Holy See and the seat of the highest spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church. The head of state is the Pope, who is elected for life by the cardinals.
The Vatican has the world's only non-profit planned economy. By and large, the country exists on donations and on some income from tourists from visiting museums and selling souvenirs.
INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE VATICAN. The Vatican has its own radio station, which broadcasts in 47 languages, including Russian. At times ancient rome the place where the smallest country in the world is now located was considered holy and was not inhabited. Vatican citizenship is not hereditary. The length of the state border is 3.2 km. The Vatican has its own bank. True, it is called the "Institute of Religious Affairs." The budget of the Vatican is 310 million US dollars. The state has its own railway station and as many as 700 meters of railway tracks.

THE LARGEST AIRPORT IN THE WORLD.

The largest airport in the world is Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport. Located 11 kilometers from Atlanta - the capital of Georgia, United States of America. The airport occupies a leading position in the world not only in terms of passenger traffic, but also in terms of the number of takeoffs and landings. Passenger traffic through the airport annually is about 90 million passengers, and according to the latest data, it is already approaching 100 million. The number of takeoffs and landings fluctuates around 900,000, sometimes approaching almost 1 million. Most of the airport's flights are domestic.
The airport has five concrete runways and one helipad. The length of the strips is from 2743 to 3776 meters.
INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE LARGEST AIRPORT IN THE WORLD. The first landing at the airport was made by a Florida Airways mail plane on September 15, 1926. The airport has 196 gates. The original name of the air harbor is Candler Field, after the owner of the site, the founder of the Coca-Cola company and the former mayor of Atlanta, Asa Candler, who initially leased this site and then gave it to the construction of the airfield. About 55,000 people work at the airport.

THE HIGHEST SKYSCRAPER IN THE WORLD.

The tallest building in the world - "Burj Khalifa" - a skyscraper with a height of 828 meters is located in Dubai. In shape, it is very similar to a stalagmite, well, or a very large toothpick. A significant opening took place on January 4, 2010 in the largest city of the United Arab Emirates - Dubai.
The building has 163 floors and 57 elevators, but only one service elevator is able to take you from the first to the last floor, while the rest will have to move with transfers. From the very beginning, this complex was planned as a "city within a city", with all the relevant infrastructure. Construction began in 2004. In a week the building grew by 1-2 floors. The foundation of this monster is not fixed on the rock base. The so-called "hanging piles" 50 meters long and 1.5 meters in diameter were used as the foundation. And there are 192 such piles. During the construction, 330,000 m3 of concrete and 39,000 tons of steel structures were used. Construction took 22,000,000 man-hours.
Up to 12,000 workers worked daily at the construction site. Moreover, there is evidence that the workers were not paid that much, so riots periodically arose at the construction site.
As a result of titanic efforts and huge financial investments, the tallest building in the world was nevertheless built and pleases tourists and local residents. And now tops the list of the tallest buildings in the world.
INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE HIGHEST SKYSCRAPER IN THE WORLD. Previously, the altitude record belonged to the Warsaw radio mast with its "pathetic" 646.38 meters. But it so happened that in 1991 it collapsed. The original name was "Burj Dubai" (translated as "Dubai Tower"). But then it was renamed the Burj Khalifa (respectively, Khalifa Tower) in honor of UAE President Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan. The cost of this mega-miracle is estimated at 1.5 billion US dollars. The hotel was designed by Giorgio Armani. The windows of the Burj Khalifa are washed every day, although it takes about three months to wash the entire surface of the building. More than 26,000 glass panels were used for glazing. Construction took 22 million man-hours. That is, one person will build it in just 22 million hours or in ... 2511 years, and this is subject to round-the-clock work. In addition to hotels, restaurants and offices, the complex has 900 apartments. The entire floor at number 100 is owned by Indian billionaire B. R. Shetty. In March 2011, the famous "spider-man" Alain Robert conquered the Burj Khalifa skyscraper for about six hours.

THE HIGHEST WATERFALL IN THE WORLD.

The highest waterfall in the world is located in Venezuela, and is named Angel, in honor of the pilot who discovered it, James Angel (in the local dialect Angel). He first told the world about this miracle in 1933.
The waterfall is lost in the jungles of southeastern Venezuela, and is included in the Canaima National Park. The mountains in which Angel is born are called tepui (the so-called table mountains, stunning in their beauty, have flat tops and steep slopes). The very same mountain, from which the highest waterfall falls, is called Auyantepuy, which in Russian means “Mountain of the Devil”. The highest point of the waterfall is considered to be a height of 979 meters, but the water falls from a height of 807 meters.
Getting to the waterfall is quite difficult. There are no motor roads in this area. But on the other hand, it's even better, you will see the highest waterfall in the world in its natural pristine beauty. Tourists are usually transported by small planes and offered to view it from the window. the best way there will be a boat tour to get acquainted with the waterfall (usually lasts 2-3 days). INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE HIGHEST WATERFALL IN THE WORLD. Water, falling from such a height, practically does not reach the ground, breaking up into small particles in flight, forming something similar to fog, which spreads for several kilometers around. The flow rate of the waterfall is approximately 300 m3 per second. On November 16, 1933, James Angel discovered this waterfall, and only on October 9, 1937 returned to it. But during landing, the plane was damaged and the pilot and crew had to stomp 11 days before civilization. James' 33-year-old aircraft rested where he left it. Then, however, he was nevertheless transferred by helicopter to the air museum of the city of Maracay. There is a mention that in 1910 the waterfall was discovered by explorer Ernesto Sanchez La Cruz, but for some reason it was Jace Angel who managed to draw attention to it. The waterfall is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List On December 20, 2009, Hugo Chavez (then President of Venezuela) renamed the Angel Falls to Kerepakupai-meru, which corresponds to one of its local names.

Today, food is no longer just breakfast, lunch or dinner.

The desire of the consumer to constantly try something new and tasty has given rise to an entire industry for the production of previously unfamiliar semi-finished products, canned food and all kinds of ready-made snacks. And with the advent of a huge range of products, the need arose to carefully study their composition, on which our health depends.

Why do we need nutritional supplements - the whole truth about the notorious E-shka

It is no secret that the goal of the manufacturer is far from the health of citizens, but the desire to earn billions by selling their products. That is why on the labels we often meet unfamiliar words and some letters with numbers.

All these are food additives that help products retain their marketable appearance, color, smell and taste for a long time. So, thanks to preservatives, our favorite preparations in jars stay fresh for a long time, flavor enhancers help some products seem especially fragrant, and thanks to dyes, pale sweets become very attractive.

The notorious E-box - the same food additive that is found, if not in every product, then in most products. It is about her that will be discussed in this article.

You probably found E-shka everywhere - in ice cream or candies, in canned fish or on the label of prepared meats, and even on bread packaging. What is hidden behind the frightening letter E, are these additives extremely harmful to health or there are also useful ones - the site figured out what we use with our favorite ice cream or frozen cutlets.

It is interesting! All over the world, nutritional supplements are designated by the index In - from Index, but in Europe they are usually abbreviated to the letter E, which means Examined - tested. However, some experts argue that the E-shka appeared from the word Europe.

What does the number code mean E-shki?

Next to the letter E there is always a numerical code, which means that the food additive belongs to one or another group. Of course, it is impossible to remember absolutely all nutritional supplements, but you will already be able to recognize the E-shki group at a glance at the bright label. This will allow you to understand why this or that food additive is present in this product, and whether it is really needed.

E-shki nutritional supplements are also divided into three categories based on their origin:

• natural- vegetable and animal origin, they also include some minerals.
• Identical to natural- substances obtained in the laboratory, but in their properties are completely similar to natural ones.
• Synthetic- artificial additives that do not exist in nature, are developed and created by man.

Doctors note that any supplement, whether it be a natural substance or synthesized in a laboratory, can be dangerous when used in high dosages. At the same time, it is important to remember that the daily dose of consumption of food supplements can vary not only depending on the age and weight of a person, but also on the state of health, tolerance of certain substances, the presence of allergies and other factors.

On a note! Since science does not stand still, the international directory of nutritional supplements is constantly updated and updated with new items. By the way, it is with the increase in the number of additives and the new requirements of the laws of most countries to write a detailed composition of the product that many associate the emergence of the idea of ​​putting down the short “E” index with a numerical code on the labels instead of the long names of food additives, often consisting of several words.

The benefits and harms of food additives: about useful, neutral and most dangerous E in the tables

Our desktop table will help you understand these mysterious E-boxes indicated on the packages of your favorite sweets, sausages, canned food and other products.

Let's start with healthy food additives in order to dispel the myth that they are all extremely harmful.

Important! Even relatively safe nutritional supplements are not recommended for children under 5 years of age. But given that today almost all products contain some additional substances, it is impossible to completely exclude them from the diet. Try to minimize your baby's use of those products that contain entire lists of E-nis on the package. This group includes mainly sausages and sausages, sweet curds in glaze and yoghurts with fillings, various desserts and sweets, breakfast cereals, bouillon cubes and ready-made noodles, meat products and many other products.

Since the list of additives is extremely large, and it is updated annually, the tables presented do not describe all food additives, but only the most popular and most frequently used by food manufacturers.

List of the most useful E - which food supplements E can benefit your body

List of neutral food additives (harmless, but not particularly useful)

List of the most dangerous E - what diseases can they cause?

Of course, it is impossible to list all possible nutritional supplements in a short table. We have tried to cover the most popular and commonly encountered substances that each of us should be aware of.

special food.ru recommends: take note of useful and neutral food additives, because their list is much smaller than the list of dangerous substances. Well, if you notice an index unknown to you on the product label, refrain from such a purchase. In questions proper nutrition and health, the desire to satisfy a momentary passion and enjoy delicious muck cannot be a justified risk.

Today in supermarkets you can find a huge variety of products in which it is quite easy to get confused. Bright packaging, seductive pictures, shiny labels, plus all this is complemented by promotional price tags, and we make a purchase. Stop, first you need to carefully study the packaging, namely the composition of this product. The fewer incomprehensible words in it, the better. For example, GOST condensed milk contains only natural milk and sugar, but the same product, but produced according to TU, has a completely different composition. It contains stabilizers and emulsifiers, as well as various E-labeled substances. Today we will talk about them: a table of harmful food additives should be at hand for everyone to prevent them from being eaten.

What are various food additives used for?

First of all, you should be alerted to the "E" markings - they denote food additives that are used throughout the world as preservatives and stabilizers, flavor and aroma enhancers, thickeners and leavening agents. All this is necessary to improve the nutritional properties of the product, as well as increase its shelf life.

Why is a table of harmful food additives needed, and are all substances labeled "E" harmful? No, there are neutral, harmful and even dangerous ones, and therefore it is important for each of us to know them and be able to distinguish them. After all, the quality and duration of our lives are highly dependent on what we eat. The more vitamins and minerals in the diet and less "chemistry", the better.

natural or artificial

Despite the assurances of manufacturers, almost all additives are artificial, and therefore potentially dangerous. These are synthetic chemicals. Considering that even the safest of them sometimes cause a reaction in especially sensitive people, it is clear that the table of harmful food additives should be known to everyone. However, there is another subtlety here: not all manufacturers warn you that their product contains additives with the "E" index. They often get around with general phrases like "does not contain artificial colors and flavors." Others note the presence of stabilizers and thickeners, but do not indicate which additives were used. In this case, there is only one way out: refuse to buy and choose a more honest manufacturer. This is especially important if the product is imported, because no one can guarantee that it does not contain prohibited products. Perhaps this will allow you to look differently at the products in supermarkets, because, despite their attractive appearance, almost all of them contain preservatives.

What does the numeric code next to the "E" mean?

Below we will consider what the table of harmful food additives includes, but for now let's look at what these mysterious numbers mean. If the code starts with one, then you have a dye. All preservatives start at 2, the number 3 stands for antioxidants - they are used to slow down or prevent spoilage of the product. All 4 are stabilizers, substances that help maintain the consistency of the product in the required form. The number 5 stands for emulsifiers, they work in tandem with stabilizers and preserve the structure of the product. The flavor and aroma enhancers that create the notes and shades we love so much start at 6. Some products contain special substances that prevent foaming, they are marked with the number 9. If you have a four-digit index, then this indicates the presence of sweeteners in the composition. The realities of life show that you need to know harmful food additives ("E"). The table will help you identify foods that should not be consumed in time.

Such different nutritional supplements "E"

This label can hide quite harmless and even useful substances, for example, plant extracts. This is the well-known acetic acid (E260). Relatively safe additives E can be considered baking soda (E500), or ordinary chalk (E170) and many others.

However, there are many more harmful substances than useful ones. You are mistaken if you think that these include only artificial additives, natural ones also sin with a negative effect on the body. Moreover, the more often they are used, the stronger and more pronounced their impact will be.

Useful Supplements

You should not immediately return the product to the shelf just because it contains E. You need to look and analyze what substance is hidden behind it. The following table of harmful and beneficial food additives will help you make the right choice. For example, the most common apple contains pectin, ascorbic acid and riboflavin, that is, E300, E440, E101, but it cannot be called harmful.

The most common health supplements are curcumins, or E100 - these substances help control weight and are actively used in the manufacture of fitness products. E101 is the usual one, which is famous for the fact that it synthesizes hemoglobin and is involved in metabolism. E160d - it helps to strengthen the immune system. E270 is a powerful antioxidant that is widely used in pharmacology. To enrich products with iodine, the additive E916, that is, calcium iodate, is used. We must not forget about E322 lecithin - this supplement supports the immune system and improves blood formation.

Relatively harmless additives

Today the topic of our conversation is "Table of food additives" E ". Useful and harmful, they are ubiquitous in the most common foods. In this group, we need to mention the dyes that are used by the most famous confectionery companies to give an attractive appearance creams and cakes. This is chlorophyrol, or E140, a green dye. Betanin is also known, that is, a red dye. It is extracted from the most common beetroot, the juice of which is excellent for tinting creams even at home.

This group includes calcium carbonate (E170) and regular baking soda. Despite the fact that these substances do not pose a threat to life, in large quantities they can disrupt the acid-base balance in the body. E290 is ordinary carbon dioxide, all carbonated drinks are made with it. Every kitchen should have a table of food additives E. Useful and harmful, they are presented today in this in large numbers that it is very difficult to remember what this or that substance means.

Supplements to Avoid

Today, the table contains 11 groups of additives, among which are dangerous, prohibited, harmful to the skin and disturbing blood pressure substances. Since every person needs to avoid products containing dangerous "E-shki", we will consider each group separately. Do not neglect your health and rely on the manufacturer. Many of them are guided only by momentary profit and do not think about reputation. Moreover, it is much easier to periodically close the production and open it under a different name, releasing products with new labels. That is why you should be aware of harmful "E" food additives. The table will help you navigate and not forget what this or that code means. So let's get started.

Dangerous Additives

This group includes a lot of dyes, so if you see confectionery colored with think about whether it is worth taking them to your children. Be sure to study harmful "E" food additives: the table is updated periodically, so you need to update the printout, which is best kept next to the kitchen table.

This includes E102, namely tartrazine. It causes asthma attacks and is banned in several countries. E110 - yellow dye, banned in many countries, as it causes an allergic reaction and nausea. E120 - carminic acid (until studies have proven harm, but doctors strongly recommend avoiding it). Red dyes E124, E127 and E129 are banned in a number of countries because they are carcinogens. This also includes E155 (brown dye) and E180 (ruby ritol).

E220 - sulfur dioxide - should be used with caution in people with renal insufficiency. Feel free to postpone products containing E220, E222, E223, E224, E228, E233, E242. Recognized as dangerous

Very dangerous

If the previous group of additives is dangerous or potentially dangerous, then the representatives of this category should be treated more than carefully. The fact is that the table of supplements gives you only code designations, behind which are hidden substances that stimulate the growth of cancer cells. To completely avoid contact with them, you will have to give up most confectionery and seriously reconsider your view of the diet. The simpler the better, so bran biscuits, cereals, and fruits are the safest bet.

However, back to our conversation. The table of the most dangerous additives "E" includes dyes such as E123 (amaranth). It is banned all over the world, as it causes developmental pathologies in the fetus. In addition, this group includes E510, E513E, E527.

Prohibited substances: table of the most harmful food additives "E"

It should be noted that in Russia there are very soft rules for manufacturing companies. Only 5 additives are officially banned, although the number is much higher worldwide. This is E952 - cyclamic acid and its sodium, potassium and calcium salts. This one was discontinued, as it was found out that it is a strong carcinogen. E-216 - para-hydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester - is also prohibited in Russia. But it's not all harmful food additives ("E"). The table refers to this group a number of dyes - these are E152, E130, E125, E126, E121, E111.

Substances that cause skin rashes

Everyone imagines the effect of carcinogens on the body, so everything must be done to exclude products containing the most harmful food additives from the menu. The table at hand will help you stop in time and not make an unnecessary purchase. Women should especially think about it, because many conditionally safe supplements cause deterioration of the skin condition. This is E151 (black, shiny BN) - in a number of countries it is generally prohibited. Second on the list is E231 (orthophenylphenol) and E232 (calcium orthophenylphenol). Aspartame, or E951, a beloved sugar substitute, also has a number of side effects and is not recommended for use without special reasons.

Summing up

You can use this table every day. A food additive, the harmful effect of which is not fully understood, should be excluded from the diet. This group includes quite a lot of different "E" - these are E124, E122, E141, E150, E171, E173, E247, E471. To optimize your diet and eat as few synthetic additives as possible, study the product packaging before buying. The less in the composition of the various components and incomprehensible terms, the better. Do not purchase unfamiliar products, as well as those on the packaging of which there is no composition, and give preference to well-known manufacturers.

Avoid products with bright, unnatural colors. They may contain too many dyes and preservatives. Give preference to natural products, cereals, sour-milk, as well as vegetables and fruits. It is this diet that is guaranteed not to contain harmful and dangerous substances. To stay healthy for as long as possible, try to avoid foods that contain harmful food additives ("E"). A table that includes the main ones will become your reliable assistant.